A custom standalone server program, runnable as a daemon process or invokable by SSH; another way to make your repository available to others over a network.
The first edition of this book was published by O'Reilly Media in , shortly after Subversion had reached 1. Since that time, the Subversion project has continued to release new major releases of the software. Here's a quick summary of major new changes since Subversion 1. Release 1. While the Berkeley DB backend is still widely used and supported, FSFS has since become the default choice for newly created repositories due to its low barrier to entry and minimal maintenance requirements.
Also in this release came the ability to put symbolic links under version control, auto-escaping of URLs, and a localized user interface. While Subversion is still a fundamentally concurrent version control system, certain types of binary files e.
The locking feature fulfills the need to version and protect such resources. With locking also came a complete WebDAV auto-versioning implementation, allowing Subversion repositories to be mounted as network folders. Finally, Subversion 1. The Apache server, however, gained some new logging features of its own, and Subversion's API bindings to other languages also made great leaps forward.
Major parts of the working copy metadata were revamped to no longer use XML resulting in client-side speed gains , while the Berkeley DB repository backend gained the ability to automatically recover itself after a server crash.
This was a huge boon for users, and pushed Subversion far beyond the abilities of CVS and into the ranks of commercial competitors such as Perforce and ClearCase. Subversion 1. Also, the command-line client introduced a new shortcut syntax for referring to Subversion repository URLs.
You are reading Version Control with Subversion for Subversion 1. Fitzpatrick, and C. Michael Pilato. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License v2. What Is Subversion? Prev Preface Next.
Is Subversion the Right Tool? Subversion's History. Subversion's Architecture. These experimental features are designated as such because they are not yet considered feature-complete. In Subversion 1. Subversion users, developers, and other stakeholders routinely communicate with each other through email lists. One ongoing discussion taking place there centers around a proposal to make Subversion even stronger at handling big files.
The discussion thread, titled "Who else is using SVN for large-binary-asset storage? We welcome their involvement in the future of Subversion and on our email lists. Subversion 1. Over its year history, Subversion has grown to become the most popular version control system on the market, and remains the leading centralized versioning and revision control software today. Millions of users worldwide depend on the collaboration-friendly system to easily access all files and historical data simultaneously without code conflicts or corruption.
The ASF's infrastructure uses Apache Subversion across millions of lines of code and nearly two million commits by more than Apache projects. Through the ASF's meritocratic process known as "The Apache Way," more than individual Members and 7, Committers across six continents successfully collaborate to develop freely available enterprise-grade software, benefiting millions of users worldwide: thousands of software solutions are distributed under the Apache License; and the community actively participates in ASF mailing lists, mentoring initiatives, and ApacheCon, the Foundation's official user conference, trainings, and expo.
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It is a general system that can be used to manage any collection of files. For you, those files might be source code—for others, anything from grocery shopping lists to digital video mixdowns and beyond. If you're a user or system administrator pondering the use of Subversion, the first question you should ask yourself is: "Is this the right tool for the job?
As a first step, you need to decide if version control in general is required for your purposes. If you need to archive old versions of files and directories, possibly resurrect them, and examine logs of how they've changed over time, then version control tools can do that.
If you need to collaborate with people on documents usually over a network and keep track of who made which changes, a version control tool can do that, too. In fact, this is why version control tools such as Subversion are so often used in software development environments—working on a development team is an inherently social activity where changes to source code files are constantly being discussed, made, evaluated, and even sometimes unmade.
Version control tools facilitate that sort of collaboration. There is cost associated with using version control, too. Unless you can outsource the administration of your version control system to a third-party, you'll have the obvious costs of performing that administration yourself. When working with the data on a daily basis, you won't be able to copy, move, rename, or delete files the way you usually do. Instead, you'll have to do all of those things through the version control system.
Consider whether your needs are better addressed by other tools. For example, because Subversion replicates data to all the collaborators involved, a common misuse is to treat it as a generic distribution system. People will sometimes use Subversion to distribute huge collections of photos, digital music, or software packages. The problem is that this sort of data usually isn't changing at all.
The collection itself grows over time, but the individual files within the collection aren't being changed. Once you've decided that you need a version control solution, you'll find no shortage of available options.
When Subversion was first designed and released, the predominant methodology of version control was centralized version control —a single remote master storehouse of versioned data with individual users operating locally against shallow copies of that data's version history. Subversion quickly emerged after its initial introduction as the clear leader in this field of version control, earning widespread adoption and supplanting installations of many older version control systems.
It continues to hold that prominent position today. Much has changed since that time, though. In the years since the Subversion project began its life, a newer methodology of version control called distributed version control has likewise garnered widespread attention and adoption.
Distributed version control harnesses the growing ubiquity of high-speed network connections and low storage costs to offer an approach which differs from the centralized model in key ways. First and most obvious is the fact that there is no remote, central storehouse of versioned data. Rather, each user keeps and operates against very deep—complete, in a sense—local version history data stores. Collaboration still occurs, but is accomplished by trading collections of changes made to versioned items directly between users' local data stores, not via a centralized master data store.
There are pros and cons to each version control approach. Perhaps the two biggest benefits delivered by the DVCS tools are incredible performance for day-to-day operations because the primary data store is locally held and vastly better support for merging between branches because merge algorithms serve as the very core of how DVCSes work at all.
The downside is that distributed version control is an inherently more complicated model, which can present a non-negligible challenge to comfortable collaboration. Also, DVCS tools do what they do well in part because of a certain degree of control withheld from the user which centralized systems freely offer—the ability to implement path-based access control, the flexibility to update or backdate individual versioned data items, etc.
Fortunately, many wise organizations have discovered that this needn't be a religious debate, and that Subversion and a DVCS tool such as Git can be used together harmoniously within the organization, each serving the purposes best suited to the tool. Alas, this book is about Subversion, so we'll not attempt a full comparison of Subversion and other tools. Readers empowered to choose their version control system are encouraged to research the available options and make the determination that works best for themselves and their fellow collaborators.
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